Drop-hammer



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(no Model.) I v v F. LOMBARD.

DROP HAMMER.

Patented Feb. 23, 1897.

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Wig/#7168 63 v Y a? I (No Model.) 5 SheetsSheet 2.

F. LOMBARD.

DROP HAMMER.

No. 577,531. Patented-Feb- 3, 1897.

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21/212-655 I k y I (No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 8.

F. LOMBARD.

DROP HAMMER.

1N0. 577,531. v Patented Feb. 23,1897.

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DROP HAMMER.

(No Model.)

Patented Feb. 23,1897;

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P. 'LOMBARD. DROP HAMMER.

I. No. 577,531. Patented Feb. 23, 1897.

sssss fs .wfrz ess as i v fire to)" Jan-r1]: omlv anL V Qj 01drop-hammers, and has for its object to propendent or automatic,improved treadle aci Unites STATES PATENT Crrrcn.

FRANK LOMBARD, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

DROP-HAMMER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 577,531, dated February23, 1897.

Application filed S pte r 21, 1896. Serial No. 606,472. (No model.)

To all whom it mun (ac/1.007%.-

Be it known that I, FRANK LOMBARD, a citizen of the United States,residing at Hartford, in the town and county of Hartford and State ofConnecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inDrop-Hammers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in videimproved means forinstantaneously rendering the action of the hammer either indetion andmeans for operating the friction mechanism, and improved constructivefeatures.

The improvements consist in the novel treadle construction and in thetrippin g mechanism of the friction-bar or clutching devices.

The invention further consists in the novel holding-pawl or latch forsustaining the hammer in elevated position and also in the constructionof the hammer which adapts it for the ready removal of the catch orabutment for engaging the said holding-pawl; and, finally, the inventionconsists in the parts of the mechanism constructed, arranged, andcombined as hereinafter more fully set forth, and particularly recitedin the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification,Figure 1 is a front elevation of a drop-hammer provided with myimprovements, and Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same, the hammer insaid figures being shown in elevated position and the friction mechanismunclutched. Fig. 3 is an enlarged horizontal cross-section. on the lineX X, Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 4 is an enlarged plan view, partlyin section,on the line of the axis of the roll-shafts. Fig. 5 is an enlargedelevation of the upper part of the machine. Fig. 6 is a view of thelower side of a part of the head of the machine with one of the uprightsbolted thereto and taken in section on the line X X, Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is apart section on the line 3 3 Fig. 5. Fig. 8 is a plan View of the upperend of an upright. Fig. 9 is a side view of the hammer in Fig. 5. Fig.10 is a front View of the holding-pawl or hammerlatch. Fig. 11 is avertical section through said latch on line Z Z, Fig. 10. Fig. 12 is anenlarged front view of the tripping mechanism shown with the trip-rod ofthe friction mechanism in unclutched position and the hammer down. Fig.13 is a side view, and Fig. 14 a sectional view, of details of Fig. 12.Fig. 15 is a plan view of the hammer and automatic pawl mechanism shownin Fig. 12. Fig. 16 is a view, similar to Fig. 12, of a modification ofthe tripping mechanism, the tripro l being shown in the lower orclutching position and the hammer in the act of being elevated and aboutto release the tripping mechanism. Fig. 17 is a plan View of thetripping mechanism of Fig. 16. Fig. 18 is a plan View of the lever 7 dog01 and clampblock W; and Fig. 19 is ahorizontal cross-section of thesame. Fig. 20 is a perspective view of said parts viewed from the rearside of the machine.

Referring to the drawings, A designates the base of my improveddrop-hammer, B the uprights secured to the base in the usualmanner, andD the head, frame, or part wherein the friction-rolls H H are mounted.Said head is fastened to the upright by the usual vertical holding-bolts61 but to secure alinement and stability against transverse displacementof the parts the uprights are formed with circular depressions Z7 attheir upper ends and the head is formed with the correspondingdepressions d, and disks 0. are fitted in the chambers thus provided, asshown in Figs. 2 and 7, the bolts (i being passed through the flanges bof the uprights and the sides 21 of the head. The sides d are providedwith upwardlyextending parts d d at each end, which are perforatedtransversely, and caps E, having ears 6, fitting over the said parts d dand correspondingly perforated, are secured to the head by the pins einserted through the said perforation, as shown. Between the said capsand the sides d of the heads are placed the boxes F F, which supporttheshafts G G of the friction-rolls H H. The boxes F are immovably securedin their seats by abutting against the front parts 61 and suitableshoulders f f on the head and caps. Said boxes form bearings for hubs fwhich are connected by the rock-arms f and cross-yoke f", to which thetrip-rod 1' is attached. Said hubs are provided with bearings eccentricto their peripheries for the shaft G of the friction-roll H, and theoscillation of the hub by the drop or downward travel of the trip-rod isadapted to carry the roll H toward the opposite roll H to clutch thefrietion-board J, passing between them and attached to the hammer K,which is arranged to slide between the uprights in the usual manner. Theopposite or upward movement of the trip-rod will release the roll fromthe board and permit the hammer to drop. This action and construction ofthe movable friction-roll are old, well known, and here re quire nofurther description.

The opposite roll II has its shaft G journaled in the boxes F, which arefitted to slide in their bearin gs between the caps and sides (1, butare normally held stationary therein, subject to adjustment forcompensation for wear and for the purpose of renewing the friction-board, which improvement constitutes an important feature of myinvention. On the rear sides of the boxes are bosses f bored andthreaded to receive the screwthreaded ends of the adj ustin g-shafts Z,which are journaled in the parts (1 and provided with collars Z toprevent endwise motion of the shafts. On the outer ends of the shaftsworm-gears P are fixed and intermeshed with suitable worm-pinions Z" 011a shaft Z which is journaled in bearings Z on the rear ends of the capsE. At one end of the shaft Z a bevel gear I is placed, intermeshing witha bevelgear Z on a vertical shaft Z journaled in bearin gs Z on the headand upright. The retation of shaft Z by means of a wrench, hand-wheel,or lever applied to its lower end, will, by means of its interveningparts aforesaid, turn the shafts Z and thus screw the boxes forward orbackward in their seats, both boxes moving equally, and thus alwayspreserving parallelism between the frictionrolls.

The roll-shafts may easily be alined at first or afterward properlyreset when worn by removing the shaft Z", and thus when the boxes arecorrectly set plaein g the pinions Z in engagement with the worm-gears Zthe variation of adjustment due to a single tooth of a gear Z beingsufficiently fine for practical purposes. By this mechanism thefrictionboard may be renewed very quickly at a moments notice, withoutthe necessity of rea'lining the shafts, and the friction imposed by therolls against the board may be regulated at pleasure and with themachine in op eration.

My improved treadle action and tripping mechanism are shown in Figs. 1and 2, and the tripping mechanism is shown on an enlarged scale and indetail in Figs. 12 to 17, the two last views of the series representinga modification.

At the base of the upright on the left-hand side is bolted a block m,recessed to receive a horizontally-sliding pawl m, having astem mencircled by a spring m adapted to press between the pawl and the metalweb m in which the stem m is guided, to throw the The block at isprovided with pawl inward.

a bearing on, in which the lower end of the trip-rod t is guided. \Vhenthe trip-rod is elevated, the pawl is forced under its end by the springm and the inner end m of the pawl is thus brought into the path of thebeveled part m of the hammer, which in falling will throw the pawl backand allow the trip-rod to drop, after which the pawl will remain heldback by the trip-rod until the latter is raised in the succeedingoperation of releasing the hammer.

To the block on is pivoted a vertical lover a, reaching nearly to thehead D. The inner edge is serrated and its outer edge beveled to receivea sliding or adjustable dog n having a clamp-block a fitting theserrated edge and beveled upon its opposite edge, as shown, so as bedrawn tightly against the bar by means of its clamping-serew 01.,whereby the dog may be secured in any position on the rod correspondingto different elevations of the hammer. The inner end of the dog isbeveled, as shown, and projects into the path of the beveled part a ofthe hammer, which is thus adapted, on its upward travel, to engage thedog and swing the lever 01 outward. The upper end of the lever isslotted to receive a roller n on the lower end of a lever n pivoted tothe upright. The upper end of the lever 71 carries a roller n fitted inan inclined camslot a in a horizontal lever n pivoted to the edge of theupright, as shown, and having its inner end n engaging the lower side ofa collar a, fastened on the trip-rod. The lover a is preferably forked,as shown, to provide ears upon each side of the levers a and 01 thussupporting both ends of the pivotsn upon which the rollers are hinged.The outward movement of the upper end of lever n swings the upper end oflever n inward and by the camming action of the roller 01 in theinclined slot a" swings the lever n upward and lifts the triprod i bycontact with the collar n on the rod.

To the projecting ends of the pivot of the roller 42." is linked ashackle a, attached to the end of a strap, cord, or chain a, which ispassed overa pulley n mounted upon the side of the upright and from thepulley extended downward to and connecting with the side arm r of themain treadle R. The depression of the treadle by means of footpressureis thus adapted to impart to the lever n. its various connections, andthe triprod the same movement derived from the hammer action on dog 71?.The operation of the hammer may thus be rendered independent orautomatic.

In the modification shown in Figs. 16 and 17 the horizontal lever nflcorresponding to lever a is provided with a vertical arm a", which isconnected to the lever a, corresponding to lever 01, by means of a linka, resulting in movement similar to that of the mechanism of Fig. 12.The dog n corresponding to dog 01 may be provided with a roller n forengagement with the cammingsurface n turnbuckle.

of the hammer, which may then be made suitably curved, as shown, with aview to imparting an easy movement to the lever 41 In said modificationthe belt 77. is attached to a pin or knob n on lever n as shown.

The main treadle R entirely surrounds the base A, having the ends of thebar from which it is formed joined at the rear, as shown in Fig. 3. Theside arms 0" of the treadle are pivoted to the base substantially at thecenterthereof, and that port-ion 21 of the treadle rearward of thepivots is proportioned somewhat longer and heavier than the frontportion, so that it is nearly balanced, but adapted to normally standwith its front end elevated. On the right-hand side of the base interiorto the side arm of the main treadle is an auxiliary treadle T, pivotedon the same stud t that supports the main treadle. The auxiliary treadlealso reaches rearwardly sufficiently to become practically balanced, butwith the rear end slightly preponderating, and its forward end isextended underneath the foot-bar r of the main treadle. To the auxiliarytreadle a vertical rod t is connected, and at its upper end is attachedto the holdin g-pawl or latch t the construction of which embodiescertain improvements, as hereinafter specified. Said latch is of theform of a sector, pivoted at its center to the upright by a pin 6 passedthrough any of the horizontal holes 25 provided in the upright for thatpurpose, the latch being adapted for reception in the correspondingcavities U cored in the upright for the purpose of adjusting the latch.at different heights to conform to different elevations of the hammer.In the curved edge of the sector a groove 25 is turned, and a hardenedblock 25 of T-shaped cross-section has its tongue fitted into saidgroove at the inner end and secured therein by rivets,with the flanges22 of the T resting on the edge of the sector, as shown in Figs. 1, 2,3, 10, and 11. Through the opposite end of the groove at the corner ofthe sector the vertical rod 25 passes, and is pivoted by a pin t the rodbeing provided with a series of holes t corresponding to the holes t inthe upright. A stop-pin is also passed through the sector and projectingat each end to limit the throw of the sector by engaging the side of theupright. A spring i is provided to normally hold the rod I? lifted, andthe rod is provided with a turnbuckle 25 to permit the oscillation ofthe latch when the treadle is elevated without depressing the treadle,the rod in such case slipping vertically in the loop of the Theadvantage of the sectorshaped latch is that the part is of greatstrength and not liable to be fractured, the radius of the sector issuch that the strain of the hammer thereon is almost directly downward,and therefore does not tend to force the uprights apart laterally, itsposition on the upright may be reversed by corresponding reversal of theblock and treadle connections and stop-pin Z and the hardened-steelblock i may be changed ends with when worn at one end and easilyreplaced by anew block when worn out, thus reducing cost of repairs.

The hammer K travels between the uprights and is provided with the usualhardened shoulder or catch 25 for being engaged by thelatch 25 The catchis suitably inclined on its outer surface to cam the latch laterally asit passes it while rising. A dovetailed base-block 29 integrally formedon the latch, is driven into a corresponding seat in the hammer tofasten the catch thereto, and a taper-pin t driven through the saidbaseblock and the surrounding raised part 23 of the seat 25 whichprevents the base-block from working out of place. It will be seen thatthe catch projects laterally past the way or guide 75 upon which thehammer slides, and into the plane ofthe upright, the side face of thehammer and of the base-block of. the catch being about coincident withthe base of the way, as shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 15. The catch andbase-block as ordinarily made are very diflicult of removal, as theycannot be reached from the rear side of the machine, and I havetherefore improved this feature of drop-hammers by increasing the depthof the base-block in the direction toward the opposite upright, so thatit juts past the inner edge of the way 15, and forming the hammer with achamber through the hammer in alinement with said inwardly-projectingportion of the base-block, thus adapting it for the introduction of akey or drift from the rear side of the machine to drive the base-blockforward and out of its seat to remove the catch, the taper-pin beingfirst driven out of place laterally past the face of the upright.

The operation of the machine is as follows: The hammer being in itselevated position and supported upon the latch i as shown in Fig. 1, thetrip-rod will have been lifted by the engagement of the beveled part aof the hammer with the dog n suitably adjusted on the lever 01, therebythrowing the lever outward and by means of the intermediate lever 02 cammin g the slotted lever 41 upward, upon which the collar 01 of thetrip-rod rests. The trip-rod will be supported in such elevated positionby the pawl m, which will be forced under it by the spring m and thefrictionrolls will thus remain unclutched from the friction-board J bythe action of the eccentric hubs f and yoke f, to which the triprod isattached. The depression of the auxiliary treadle T by foot-pressurewill carry down the rod 29 and thus swing the latch i outward andrelease the hammer, which will then deliver its blow. As the hammerdelift the hammer.

will continue as long as the auxiliary treadle is held depressed, theaction of the hammer being thus rendered automatic; but if it is desiredto deliver independent blows of the hammer then the depression of themain treadle R will carry down the auxiliary treadle and release thehammer, which, having delivered its blow, will not be elevated until themain treadle is allowed to rise and permit the trip-rod to drop. Thenthe hammer, being raised, will require a subsequent movement of the maintreadle to again liberate it, and its cycle of operations will onlyfollow each separate depression of the main treadle, renderin g theaction independent. Thus the action of the hammer may be rendered eitherautomatic or independent by simply depressing one or the other of thelreadles, as required, without stopping the machine or los ing a heat ofthe material which is being worked.

I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. 1ndropdxannners of the class operated by friction driving-rolls andlifting-board, the combination of a trip-rod adapted by its gravity toactuate the friction rolls into clutching engagement with thefriction-board, a pawl for holding the trip-rod elevated, releasable byengagement of the hammer in falling, a vertical lever pivoted to theside or upright, connections for lifting the triprod by movement of saidlever, an adjustable dog mounted on said lever and adapted to be engagedand cammed laterally by the hammer in ascending, to lift the trip-rod, amain foot-treadle and connections for operating the lever to lift thetrip-rod by depression of the treadle, an auxiliary treadle arrangedunderneath and in engagement with the main treadle whereby it is adaptedfor operation with, or independent of the main treadle, a latch forholding the hammer elevated, and a connection between the auxiliarytreadle and latch for releasing the hammer, substantially as and for thepurpose specified.

2. In drophammers of the class operated by friction drivingrolls andlifting-board, the combination of a trip-rod adapted by its gravity toactuate the friction rolls into clutching engagement with the friction-board, a pawl for holding the trip-rod elevated, means forreleasing the trip-rod by the falling movement of the hammer, a verticallever pivoted at the side of the machine, an adjustable dog mounted onsaid lever, a cam carried by the hammer adapted to actuate the lever bythe ascent of thehammer, a horizontal lever bearing upon a liftingshoulder or collar on the trip-rod, yielding connecting means foroperating said horizontal lever by movement of the vertical lover, amain foottreadle connecting means for operating the vertical lever tolift the trip-rod by depression of the treadle, an auxiliary treadlepivoted. underneath and adapted to be engaged by the main treadle on itsdownward motion, a spring-actuated latch for holding the hammerelevated, and a yielding connection between the auxiliary treadle andlatch for releasing the hammer, substantially as and for the purposespecified.

3. In drop-hammers the combination with the friction-rolls, andclutching mechanism of the trip-rod i, pawl m, vertical lever nhavingthe adjustable dog if, the intermediate lever a", the cam-slottedhorizontal lever 11 the hammer provided with the cams m and n, thetreadle It pivoted substantially in the central plane of the machine,the strap connection from the treadle to lever n and the pulley M thetreadle T pivoted concentric to the main treadle, a spring-actuatedlatch for holdi n g the hammer elevated, a catch or shoulder, on thehammer for engaging the latch, a connection between the latch andauxiliary treadle, and yielding mechanism embodied in said connectionfor permitting the yielding of the latch during the passage of thecatch, arranged and combined substantially in the manner and for thepurpose specified.

at. In a drop-hammer, the combination of the sector-shapedholding-latch, pivoted to the upright at its axial center and having agroove in its curved edge and transverse perforations at its cornersextending through the groove, and a hardened T-shaped block fitted intosaid groove with the lateral branches of the T overlapping and bearingupon the curved edges at either side of the groove, the block beingadapted to be secured at either end of the groove and secured by pinspassing through the perforations thereof, with the treadle connectionspivoted to a pin at the opposite corner of the sector, whereby both thelatch and the block are rendered reversible, substantially as and forthe purpose specified.

FRANK LOMBARD.

\Vitnesses: GEORGE L. BARNES, WILLIAM L. llIAYNARD.

